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Color-Blind

A very good friend of mine is Color-Blind. He has difficulty in spotting yellow in green or something like that.

It really put me to think what is color-blindness ? It reminded me of this post i had copied in my mail some  years ago albeit my friend still wont be able to spot the difference its my humble attempt to educate the rest of us.

In the U.S. 7% of the male population – or about 10.5 million men – and 0.4% of the female population either cannot distinguish red from green, or see red and green differently. Color blindness affects a significant amount of the population, and it is even more prevalent in more isolated populations with a smaller gene pools. It is mostly a genetic condition, though it can be caused by eye, nerve, or brain damage, or due to exposure to certain chemicals.

For those of us who see colors just fine, it is hard to imagine what those with color blindness are seeing. Luckily humans are smart and have created technology like the Color Blind Web Page Filter.

Popular Websites: As Seen by the Color Blind

The Color Blind Web Page Filter, which was used in this post to demonstrate the different types of colorblindness, allows you to view what a site looks like to people with each type of color blindness. Here are a few examples from some popular websites.

Iconic Art: As Seen by the Color Blind

Some would say we all see art in our own unique way... that would be especially true for the color blind. Here are a couple examples of some of the most iconic paintings as seen by the color blind.

Color Blindness Background

Using the filter we'll take a look at the current most popular palette, July, and how it is seen by those with different types of color blindness.

The normal human retina contains two kinds of light cells: the rod cells (active in low light) and the cone cells (active in normal daylight). Normally, there are three kinds of cones, each containing a different pigment. The cones are activated when the pigments absorb light. The absorption spectra of the cones differ; one is maximally sensitive to short wavelengths, one to medium wavelengths, and the third to long wavelengths (their peak sensitivities are in the blue, yellowish-green, and yellow regions of the spectrum, respectively). The absorption spectra of all three systems cover much of the visible spectrum, so it is not entirely accurate to refer to them as "blue", "green" and "red" receptors, especially because the "red" receptor actually has its peak sensitivity in the yellow. The sensitivity of normal color vision actually depends on the overlap between the absorption spectra of the three systems: different colors are recognized when the different types of cone are stimulated to different extents. Red light, for example, stimulates the long wavelength cones much more than either of the others, and reducing wavelength causes the other two cone systems to be increasingly stimulated, causing a gradual change in hue. Many of the genes involved in color vision are on the X chromosome, making color blindness more common in males than in females.

Types of Color Blindness

There are three types of inherited or congenital color vision deficiencies: monochromacy, dichromacy, and anomalous trichromacy.

Monochromacy

Monochromacy, also known as "total color blindness", is the lack of ability to distinguish colors; caused by cone defect or absence. Monochromacy occurs when two or all three of the cone pigments are missing and color and lightness vision is reduced to one dimension.

Dichromacy

Dichromacy is a moderately severe color vision defect in which one of the three basic color mechanisms is absent or not functioning. It is hereditary and sex-linked, affecting predominantly males. Dichromacy occurs when one of the cone pigments is missing and color is reduced to two dimensions.

Protanopia is a severe type of color vision deficiency caused by the complete absence of red retinal photoreceptors. It is a form of dichromatism in which red appears dark. It is hereditary, sex-linked, and present in 1% of all males.

Deuteranopia is a color vision deficiency in which the green retinal photoreceptors are absent, moderately affecting red-green hue discrimination. It is a form of dichromatism in which there are only two cone pigments present. It is likewise hereditary, sex-linked, and present in 1% of all males.

Tritanopia is an exceedingly rare color vision disturbance in which there are only two cone pigments present and a total absence of blue retinal receptors.

Trichromacy

Anomalous trichromacy is a common type of inherited color vision deficiency, occurring when one of the three cone pigments is altered in its spectral sensitivity. This results in an impairment, rather than loss, of trichromacy (normal three-dimensional color vision)

Protanomaly is a mild color vision defect in which an altered spectral sensitivity of red retinal receptors (closer to green receptor response) results in poor red-green hue discrimination. It is hereditary, sex-linked, and present in 1% of all males. It is often passed from mother to child.

Deuteranomaly, caused by a similar shift in the green retinal receptors, is by far the most common type of color vision deficiency, mildly affecting red-green hue discrimination in 5% of all males. It is hereditary and sex-linked.

Tritanomaly is a rare, hereditary color vision deficiency affecting blue-yellow hue discrimination.

This post is originally written by some guy called David ;I don't remember the name of the site .

If anyone knows please do mention the original authors name and the website in the comments.

Top 10 adventure Destinations (International)

Contributed By -- Amit-Wairkar - a.k.a WIRE ( Budding-Writer/Adventure Seeker)
you can reach  wire : amda1foru@gmail.com

10. Pamukkale aka cotton castle, Turkey

Pamukkale, meaning "cotton castle" in Turkish, is a natural site in Denizli Province in south-western Turkey. The city contains hot springs and travertines, terraces of carbonate minerals left by the flowing water. It is located in Turkey's Inner Aegean region, in the River Menderes valley, which has a temperate climate for most of the year.

The ancient Greco-Roman and Byzantine city of Hierapolis was built on top of the white "castle" which is in total about 2,700 metres (8,860ft.t) long, 600 m (1,970 ft.) wide and 160 m (525 ft.) high. It can be seen from the hills on the opposite side of the valley in the town of Denizli, 20 km away.

Wiki Link

9. The Giant’s Causeway, Northern Ireland

The Giant’s Causeway is one of the Northern Ireland’s famous landmarks of all the time. It has been officially declared as World Heritage Site by UNESCO since 1986. From very ancient times it is serving as one of the world’s most popular tourist attraction. The blend of the cliff landscape and spectacular coastal areas with the boisterous waves thrashing against those rocks creates a dramatic view to the viewers.

Also located on a border is the stunning Iguassu Fall. With a width of 8,858 feet, you can find it between Argentina and Brazil. While most of the waterfall is in Argentina, access to it is only possible from Brazil. Its most famous section is known as the “Devil’s Throat”.

Wiki Link

8. Amazing Indonesian Borobdour:

Borobudur is a Hindu-Buddhist temple and is located near Magelang on the island of Java in Indonesia. It was built in the ninth century during Sailendra dynasty. At that time the kingdom under the rule of this dynasty had a very rapid development and Borobudur is one of the cultural monuments that were supposed to demonstrate that. In the eleventh century was abandoned and partially excavated by archaeologists at the beginning of the twentieth century. The temple is built on a hill and is 46 meters high and has 8 stepped stone terraces. The first five terraces are surrounded by walls decorated with Buddhist sculptures in bas-relief.

Wiki Link

7. Iguassu Falls in Argentina:

Taller than Niagara Falls, twice as wide with 275 cascades spread in a horseshoe shape over nearly two miles of the Iguazu River, Iguazú Falls are the result of a volcanic eruption which left yet another large crack in the earth. During the rainy season of November - March, the rate of flow of water going over the falls may reach 450,000 cubic feet (12,750 cubic m) per second.

The falls are part of a singular practically virgin jungle ecosystem protected by Argentine and Brazilian national parks on either side of the cascades. Two thirds of the falls are on the Argentinian side of the river where you can also tour Iguazú National Park where there are jungle trails and bird hikes. Plan a full day in the park to fully enjoy the wildlife flora and fauna.

It is possible to see the falls and surrounding area in a lightning trip but it is better to plan at least two days. The view from the Brazilian side is the most panoramic and there are helicopter rides out over the falls from Foz do Iguaçu. You may also take boat rides out to the falls. The light is best in the morning for photographs.

Wiki Link

6. Bungee jumping at Bloukran’s Bridge, South Africa :

The Bloukrans arch bridge is the highest on the entire continent of Africa with a deck 708 feet (216 metres) above the bottom of the gorge. Located on the N2 Garden Route near the Pacific coast on the southern edge of South Africa, the 2 lane route also has several other spectacular and high concrete arch bridges including the Van Stadens, Storms River, Groot River and Bobbejaans river bridges. This is also the only highway in the world outside of China or Italy to have 3 bridges in excess of 500 feet (152 metres) in height. When it opened in 1984, the Bloukrans also held the record for being the world’s highest concrete arch bridge. Since then it has been surpassed by the Jiangjiehe Bridge in China and the Mike O’Callaghan-Pat Tillman Bridge that bypasses the Hoover Dam near Las Vegas, Nevada in the U.S. By 2014 the Beipanjiang High Speed Railway and Nanpanjiang High Speed Railway Bridges will also be higher among concrete arches.

Wiki Link

5. Stone Forest in Madagascar:

The stone forest in Madagascar, famously known as Tsingy de Bemaraha, covers the entire karstic landscapes along with a limestone highlands plateau engraved into an amazing forest of the pinnacles (the tsingys). This is one of the rarest natural phenomena’s of the earth which has become a great tourist attraction of Africa. There are some stunning canyons of the popular Manambolo River, high peaks & the rolling hills. The uninterrupted forests are actually the locations of rare & scarce lemurs, & the close wetlands for the atypical birds. This 666 square kilometre region has been classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1990 because of its unique, breath-taking geography, preserved mangrove forests, and wild bird and lemur populations.

Wiki Link

4. Snorkelling at Temple of Doom, Mexico :

Calavera or Temple of Doom is not just an interesting “hole in the ground”, but a cavern dive of different type. To enter the water some courage is needed as the diver needs to jump 3m/10ft down or climb the steep ladder. The cavern area is a big room with a hill in the middle around which the divers wind their way slowly upto the surface. Formations in the cenote are darker than others and the halocline is stronger. There is a lot of light in the cavern and many fossils can be spotted. The most interesting part for the snorkel would be jumping from the ledge. Besides that is not a great place for it. Some of the best places inside the cenote are The Madonna passage, The Hall of Giant Rooms and the Coliseum Room and The Tanic domes circuit.

Half fresh water and half salty water. The limestone displays a snow white ambience with crystal blue tint water. There are several large rooms and a variety of passageways with cave formations located in several areas. The original name is Cenote Esqueleto but somehow ended up being known as Calavera. The real Cenote Calavera is at System Camillo. It can be found just outside of Tulum 2 km away on the turn off to Coba.

Wiki Link

3. Scuba Diving at the Great Barrier Reef, Australia :

One of Australia's most remarkable natural gifts, the Great Barrier Reef is blessed with the breath-taking beauty of the world's largest coral reef. The reef contains an abundance of marine life and comprises of over 3000 individual reef systems and coral cays and literally hundreds of picturesque tropical islands with some of the world’s most beautiful sun-soaked, golden beaches.

Consisting of more than 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands, the Great Barrier Reef is the largest reef system sprawling over 2,600 kilometres in Coral Sea. This World Heritage Site is the home to several wonderful species of marine creatures and hence, divers are rewarded by the sight of an astounding bio-diversity. You could also enjoy staying at its live-aboard as a tourist or a scuba diver.

Wiki Link

2. Hiking the Trolltunga aka Trolls Tongue, Norway :

Trolltunga is a piece of rock that stands horizontally out of the mountain above Skjeggedal in Odda, Norway. To get to Trolltunga (Norwegian for "Troll's tongue") visitors need to go to Odda, then to Skjeggedal via Tyssedal. Previously, a trolley car transported visitors the first 950 metres above sea level during the summer. There are, however, both stairs and a path that guide visitors the first 950 metres, and from there marked hiking trails lead visitors the rest of the way.

Cabins in the area are owned by the Norwegian Trekking Association, where it is possible to spend the night. The area opens up to the rest of Hardangervidda, and can be a starting point for a longer hike to, for example, Hårteigen.

Wiki Link

1. Climbing the Ball’s Pyramid, Australia :

Ball's Pyramid is an erosional remnant of a shield volcano and caldera that formed about 7 million years ago. Ball's Pyramid is 20 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Lord Howe Island in the Pacific Ocean. It is 562 metres (1,844 ft.) high, while measuring only 1,100 metres (3,600 ft.) in length and 300 metres (980 ft.) across, making it the tallest volcanic stack in the world.

Ball's Pyramid has a few satellite islets. Observatory Rock and Wheatsheaf Islet lie about 800 metres (2,600 ft.) west-northwest and west-southwest respectively, of the western extremity of Ball's Pyramid. Southeast Rock is a pinnacle located about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) southeast of Ball's Pyramid. Like Lord Howe Island and the Lord Howe seamount chain, Ball's Pyramid is based on the Lord Howe Rise, part of the submerged continent of Zealandia.

Wiki Link

A Bag full of charge...

Now  , That is one powerful Bag --- Powerbag

A handful of companies have been working on bags with built-in batteries capable of charging gadgets on-the-go. Most of those efforts have relied on slow and fussy solar panels to charge the bag. A few others are either very expensive or don’t work well. One very promising battery bag fromQuirky, a cool online store of crowdsourced products, spent a year available for pre-order but never went into production. 

Though are currently several Powerbag models on the market, three new collections are coming in 2012: the Urban Collection, the Executive Collection and the Fūl Collection.

The Fūl bags—their IKEA-esque name notwithstanding—are the coolest of the lot. We love what we saw of the Fūl Deluxe Backpack (pic to right)—it has a 6000 mAh battery built in. (For comparison, an iPhone 4S has a 1900 mAh battery, the latest 15″ MacBook Pro has a 5500 mAh.) The Fūl Collection also includes a wheeled briefcase, two types of messengers and a sling style bag.

The great thing about a Powerbag is that it contains a complete charging system. Three connectors are built into the bag: one mini USB, one micro USB and one Apple 30-pin (eg. to charge an iPad or iPhone). There’s also a USB slot for using your own cord. So, altogether, you can charge up to four gadgets at once. The battery’s smart-charging system will automatically send the optimal amount of power to every device it is charging.

We hope and expect that large strides in battery power will be forthcoming over the next decade. In the meantime, a Powerbag is a practical—and stylish—way for recharging your gadgets when on the go.